5 Rattlesnake Facts You Should Know

Rattlesnakes are found in a variety of habitats in Mexico and South America because they are adaptable enough to live in sand dunes, wet swamps, and green meadows. There are more than 30 known rattlesnakes, two of which are considered endangered due to habitat loss and human hunting. Rattlesnakes are one of the most misunderstood members of the animals, and these cold-blooded reptiles should be seen as an important part of a balanced ecosystem.

Here are 5 things you probably don't know about rattlesnakes.

1. Rattlesnake tails are made of keratin

Rattlesnakes are known for their characteristic "squeaking tail". The rattles on the tail are made up of different keratin rings, which are all made up of human hair, skin, and nails. When the snake lifts and vibrates the end of its tail, the keratin segments collide with each other and produce a distinctive hissing sound to ward off potential predators.

2. They add a snap ring every time they molt

Once rattlesnakes have gone through the molting process, their bodies naturally add an extra section with each molt. However, this does not mean that you can definitely know the age of a rattlesnake by the length of its tail ring, as parts of a rattlesnake's tail often break with age.

3. Arizona has more species than anywhere else

Scientists have found 32 to 45 different species of rattlesnakes, many of which live in Arizona. This includes the Western Diamondback, the largest rattlesnake in the West. According to the Arizona Department of Game and Fish, four species of rattlesnakes are under special protection in Arizona: the rock rattlesnake; the ridge-nosed rattlesnake; the twin-spotted rattlesnake; and the Massassoga rattlesnake.

4. They "listen" by sensing vibrations

Like other snakes, rattlesnakes have no eardrum in their inner ear structure, which means they cannot detect sounds in the air. Snakes have their inner ears attached directly to their jaws. Instead, snakes must rely on sensing vibrations through their jawbone. However, biologists are still debating whether snakes detect sound through pressure or through the conduction of vibrations in their bodies.

5. Rattlesnake bites are especially rare

Many of us are afraid of rattlesnakes. After all, they hiss, rattle, and bite if provoked again. The good news is that they never actively attack humans. Most people bitten by snakes either stumble upon a rattlesnake or try to catch it. Less than 1 percent of people die after being bitten by a rattlesnake, according to the Arizona Poison and Drug Information Center. However, this does not mean that you will be out of danger if left untreated. Anyone bitten by a rattlesnake should go to the hospital immediately. If you hear a rattle-like sound, don't stay there and see what happens next. The Rattlesnake's attack speed can reach 0.5 seconds, which is extremely fast.

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